October 29th

On this day - 29th of October 1923 - The Turkish republic was established

Turkey was established after the fall of the Ottoman Empire. Ottomans covered, at one point, parts of Northern-Africa, South East Europe, Western Asia, Caucasus and Horn of Africa. The Ottoman Empire declined during the 19th century, and as a last effort to gain back lost territories allied the Ottoman empire themselves with Germany during World War 1. British, French and Italian forces occupied Constantinople, Ottomans Capital, during the war. This, and the aftermath of the war contributed to the establishment of a Turkish national movement. In 1922 won this movement, and Mustafa Kemal, the Turkish war of Independence. On the 1st of November 1922 was the Sultanate abolished ending the 623 years long regime of the Ottoman Empire. This made the Ottoman Empire into history’s ninth longest lasting empire. On the 29th of October 1923 was Turkey established as a republic. Mustafa Kemal, also known as Atatürk, became Turkey’s first president and Ankara became Turkey’s new capital. The 28th to the 29th October is today celebrated in Turkey as Republic day.